Preface |
ix |
About the Author |
xi |
Introduction: History and Sacraments |
xiii |
PART ONE: A HISTORY OF SACRAMENTS |
|
I. Sacraments in All Religions |
3 |
II. The Beginnings of the Christian Sacraments |
19 |
1. Israel and the Roman Empire |
19 |
2. The Early Christian Community |
23 |
3. The Patristic Period |
27 |
4. The Sacramental Seal |
32 |
5. Augustine and Afterward |
40 |
III. The Development of the Catholic Sacraments |
47 |
1. Seven Liturgical Sacraments |
48 |
2. Sign and Reality |
51 |
3. The Sacramental Character |
56 |
4. Aritstotle, Aquinas, and the Sacraments |
60 |
5. Legalism, Nominalism, and Magic |
65 |
IV. Catholic and Protestant Sacraments |
77 |
1. Luther and the Protestant Reformation |
80 |
2. Trent and the Catholic Counter-reformation |
88 |
3. The Modern Centuries |
94 |
V. The Sacraments Today |
103 |
1. Twentieth-Century Developments |
104 |
2. Contemporary Sacramental Theology |
109 |
3. Contemporary Sacramental Practices |
125 |
PART TWO: HISTORIES OF THE SACRAMENTS |
|
VI. Baptism |
143 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
143 |
2. Baptism and Christian Initiation |
144 |
3. Baptism in the Middle Ages |
156 |
4. Baptism in Modern Times |
166 |
5. Baptism in Contemporary Catholicism |
171 |
VII. Confirmation |
179 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
179 |
2. Receiving the Holy Spirit |
181 |
3. From Consignation to Confirmation |
186 |
4. Confirmation in Modern Times |
193 |
5. Confirmation in the Contemporary Church |
196 |
VIII. Eucharist |
203 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
204 |
2. From the Last Supper to the Liturgy |
208 |
3. The Mass and Eucharist in the Middle Ages |
225 |
4. The Lord’s Supper and the Modern Mass |
241 |
5. Liturgy and Eucharist in the Twentieth Century |
253 |
IX. Reconciliation |
268 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
269 |
2. Repentance and Reconciliation in Early Christianity |
271 |
3. Confession and Penance in the Middle Ages |
284 |
4. The Modern Sacrament of Penance |
299 |
5. Sacramental Reconciliation in the Church Today |
307 |
X. Anointing |
318 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
518 |
2. Healing and Anointing in the Early Church |
321 |
3. From Anointing the Sick to Anointing the Dying |
325 |
4. The Modern Sacrament of Extreme Unction |
332 |
5. Return to Anointing of the Sick |
336 |
XI. Marriage |
343 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
344 |
2. Early Christian Marriage |
347 |
3. From Secular to Ecclesiastical Marriage |
360 |
4. Marriage in the Modern Church |
373 |
5. Marriage in Contemporary Catholicism |
379 |
XII. Ordination |
392 |
1. Parallels and Precedents |
393 |
2. Christian Ministries and Sacred Orders |
396 |
3. Holy Orders in the Middle Ages |
417 |
4. The Modern Catholic Priesthood |
430 |
5. Ministries in the Church Today |
439 |
Conclusion* Sacraments and the Future |
457 |
Index of Names and Topics |
461 |